????? ????? ???? ????? ??????? ????? ??????? ? ????? ????? ? ???? ??? ? ?????? ??????? ? ?????? ???????? ? ???? ????? ? ??? ????? ???? ? ??????? ?????? ??? ????? ???? ????? ??????? * ??????? ????????: ??? ??????? ???? ????? ???????? ???????. Amongst classical Muslim authors, the notion of affe